When the formation data identifies 土 as semantic, the relevant character record states that role.
← All 214 radical families
Semantic role Phonetic role Radical classification
土
Radical 32 of 214 · 3 strokes
Earth
tǔ
Unicode uses 土 as a Kangxi radical category. Its reference meaning is soil, earth; items made of earth. The relationship to an individual character may be semantic, historical, or primarily classificatory.
66 course characters203 character–word links
Semantic–phonetic characters identify the component associated with historical pronunciation.
The primary dictionary radical is shown independently of any claim about modern meaning.
Character index
66 course characters
Expand a character to view its structure, formation analysis, and related HSK words.
Showing 66 characters.
在zàiat, in, on; to exist; used to indicate the present progressive tenseDetails+
formation note
Formation: Origin unclear.
- 才Phonetic componenttalent; just
- 士Role unclearsoldier; scholar
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 才 + 土
HSK words with 在9 words in this course
块kuàipiece, lump, chunk; dollar; measure word for currencyDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Simplified form of 塊. Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 鬼 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 夬Phonetic componentdecisive
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 夬
HSK words with 块1 word in this course
坐zuòseat; to sit; to ride, to travel byDetails+
pictographic formation
Formation: Pictograph of two people (人) sitting on the ground (土).
- 人Pictographic componentperson
- 人Pictographic componentperson
- 土Pictographic componentearth; dirt
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 从 + 土
HSK words with 坐2 words in this course
塊kuàipiece, lump, chunk; dollar; measure word for currencyDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 鬼 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 鬼Phonetic componentghost; demon
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 鬼
HSK words with 塊1 word in this course
场chǎngfield, open space; market, square; stageDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 昜 represents the sound. The simplified character 场 was adapted from the cursive form of the traditional character 場.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 昜Phonetic componentopen; expand; bright; glorious
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 勿
HSK words with 场11 words in this course
報bàoto announce, to report; newspaper; payback, revengeDetails+
pictographic formation
Formation: Pictograph of a kneeling person (卩) being forced by a hand (又) into shackles (㚔). Based on the original meaning "punish". The meaning later shifted to "revenge", "recompense", "report", and "announce".
- 㚔Pictographic componentshackles; handcuffs
- 卩Pictographic componentperson
- 又Pictographic component(hand); again
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 幸 + 卩 + 又
HSK words with 報17 words in this course
場chǎngfield, open space; market, square; stageDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 昜 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 昜Phonetic componentopen; expand; bright; glorious
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 昜
HSK words with 場11 words in this course
地deearth, ground, soil; land, region; structural particle used before a verbDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 也 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 也Phonetic componentalso
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 也
HSK words with 地24 words in this course
坏huàibad, rotten, spoiled; to break downDetails+
semantic formation
Formation: Simplified form of 壞. Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 褱 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 不Simplified formno; not
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 不
HSK words with 坏4 words in this course
城chéngcastle, city, town; municipalityDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 成 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 成Phonetic componentcomplete; succeed
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 成
HSK words with 城3 words in this course
境jìngboundary, frontier; area, regionDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 竟 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 竟Phonetic componentunexpectedly; actually
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 竟
HSK words with 境4 words in this course
壞huàibad, rotten, spoiled; to break downDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 褱 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 褱Phonetic componentcarry in the bosom; wrap; conceal
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 褱
HSK words with 壞4 words in this course
圾jīgarbage, rubbish; shaking; dangerDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 及 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 及Phonetic componentand; extend; reach; in time for
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 及
HSK words with 圾1 word in this course
坚jiānhard, strong; firm, resoluteDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Simplified form of 堅. Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 臤 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 臤Phonetic componentstrong; firm
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 又 + 土
HSK words with 坚8 words in this course
址zhǐlocation, site; the foundation of a houseDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 止 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 止Phonetic component(foot); stop
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 止
HSK words with 址1 word in this course
垃lāgarbage, refuse, trash, wasteDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 立 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 立Phonetic componentstand; establish
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 立
HSK words with 垃1 word in this course
基jīfoundation, baseDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 其 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 其Phonetic component(basket); its; their; that
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 其 + 土
HSK words with 基5 words in this course
堅jiānhard, strong; firm, resoluteDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 臤 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 臤Phonetic componentstrong; firm
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 臤 + 土
HSK words with 堅8 words in this course
堵dǔwall; to stop, to prevent, to blockDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 者 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 者Phonetic component-er; [one that...]
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 者
HSK words with 堵2 words in this course
塑sùto sculpt, to model in clay; plasticDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 朔 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 朔Phonetic componentnew moon; first day of lunar month
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 朔 + 土
HSK words with 塑3 words in this course
填tiánto fill, to pad, to stuffDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 真 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 真Phonetic componenttrue
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 真
HSK words with 填1 word in this course
增zēngto increase; to expand; to augment; to addDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 曾 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 曾Phonetic componentalready; previously
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 曾
HSK words with 增4 words in this course
壓yāpress; oppress; crush; pressureDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 厭 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 厭Phonetic componentloathe; be fed up with
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 厭 + 土
HSK words with 壓9 words in this course
土tǔsoil, earth; items made of earthDetails+
formation note
Formation: Pictograph of a lump of clay on a pottery wheel.
Formation source · Dong Chinese Lexicon- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 十 + 一
HSK words with 土5 words in this course
均jūnequal, even, fair; level, uniform; also, tooDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 勻 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 勻Phonetic componenteven; uniform
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 匀
HSK words with 均2 words in this course
坦tǎnflat, level, smooth; candid, openDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 旦 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 旦Phonetic componentdawn; morning
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 旦
HSK words with 坦3 words in this course
型xíngpattern, model, type; mold; lawDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 刑 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 刑Phonetic componentpunishment; penalty
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 刑 + 土
HSK words with 型5 words in this course
堆duīcrowd, heap, pile, mass; to pile up; measure word for things in piles or stacksDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 隹 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 隹Phonetic componentbird
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 隹
HSK words with 堆2 words in this course
培péito cultivate, to farm; to shore upDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 咅 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 咅Phonetic componentspit out; poh (spitting onomatopoeia)
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 咅
HSK words with 培4 words in this course
域yùarea, district, field, land, region; boundary; domain (in taxonomy)Details+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 或 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 或Phonetic componentmaybe; or
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 或
HSK words with 域2 words in this course
執zhíto execute; to grasp, to hold; to keep; to sieze, to detainDetails+
pictographic formation
Formation: Pictograph of a person with hands (丮) bound by shackles (㚔).
- 㚔Pictographic componentshackles; handcuffs
- 丮Pictographic componentcatch
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 幸 + 丸
HSK words with 執4 words in this course
塘tángpond, tank; dike, embankmentDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 唐 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 唐Phonetic componentexaggerate; Tang dynasty
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 唐
HSK words with 塘1 word in this course
塗túto smear, to scribble, to daub; surnameDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 氵 contributes the broad semantic category “water”; 余 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 涂 + 土
HSK words with 塗2 words in this course
塵chéncinders, ashes, dust, dirtDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: Dust 土 kicked up by a fleeing deer 鹿
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 鹿 + 土
HSK words with 塵1 word in this course
墙qiángwallDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 啬 represents the sound. Simplified form of 牆.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 啬Phonetic componentstingy
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 啬
HSK words with 墙1 word in this course
壁bìpartition, wall; rampartDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 辟 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 辟Phonetic componentruler; law; punish
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 辟 + 土
HSK words with 壁2 words in this course
圣shèngholy, sacred; sage, saintDetails+
simplified form
Formation: Simplified form of 聖. Phonosemantic compound. 耳 represents the meaning and 呈 represents the sound.
- 又Simplified form(hand); again
- 土Simplified formearth; dirt
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 又 + 土
- Also indexed under
- 又 again
HSK words with 圣1 word in this course
坝bàembankment; damDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 贝 represents the sound. Simplified form of 壩.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 贝Phonetic componentshell
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 贝
HSK words with 坝1 word in this course
坟féngrave, mound, bulge; bulgingDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 文 represents the sound. Simplified form of 墳.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 文Phonetic componentwriting; language
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 文
HSK words with 坟1 word in this course
坑kēngpit, hole; to trap, to bury; to harryDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 亢 represents the sound. Simplified form of 阬.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 亢Phonetic componenthigh; firm; overbearing
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 亢
HSK words with 坑1 word in this course
坛tánaltar; arena; examination hallDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 云 represents the sound. Simplified form of 壇.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 云Phonetic componentcloud
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 云
HSK words with 坛1 word in this course
坠zhuìto drop, to fall down, to sink; heavy; weightDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 队 represents the sound. Simplified form of 墜.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 队Phonetic componentsquadron; team; group
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 队 + 土
HSK words with 坠1 word in this course
垂chuíto hang, to dangle; to hand down, to bequeath; almost, nearDetails+
formation note
Formation: Pictograph of drooping branches.
Formation source · Dong Chinese Lexicon- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 士 + 卄
- Also indexed under
- 士 scholar
HSK words with 垂1 word in this course
垄lǒnggrave, mound; furrow, ridgeDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 龙 represents the sound. Simplified form of 壟.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 龙Phonetic componentdragon
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 龙 + 土
HSK words with 垄1 word in this course
坡pōslope, hillside, embankmentDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 皮 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 皮Phonetic componentskin; leather
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 皮
HSK words with 坡1 word in this course
垫diàncushion, mat, pad; to advance money, to pay for anotherDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 执 represents the sound. Simplified form of 墊.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 执Phonetic componentexecute; grasp
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 执 + 土
HSK words with 垫1 word in this course
埋máito bury; to conceal; to plantDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 里 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 里Phonetic componentvillage; (simp.) inside
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 里
HSK words with 埋4 words in this course
堂tánghall, large room; government office; cousinsDetails+
pictographic formation
Formation: Pictograph large room or platform rising from the ground.
- 尚Pictographic componentvalue; esteem
- 土Pictographic componentearth; dirt
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 尚 + 土
HSK words with 堂1 word in this course
堡bǎofort, fortress; town, villageDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 保 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 保Phonetic componentprotect; defend
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 保 + 土
HSK words with 堡1 word in this course
堤dīdikeDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 是 represents the sound. Simplified form of 隄.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 是Phonetic componentis; to be
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 是
HSK words with 堤1 word in this course
堕duòto drop, to fall, to sink; degenerateDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 陏 represents the sound. Simplified form of 墮.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 陏Phonetic componentSui dynasty
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 陏 + 土
HSK words with 堕1 word in this course
堪kānto endure; adequate, capable, worthyDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: One with a considerable amount 甚 of land 土
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 甚
HSK words with 堪2 words in this course
塞sāito stop up, to seal, to cork, to block; pass, frontier; fortressDetails+
pictographic formation
Formation: Depicts two hands (廾) stuffing various objects (工) into an enclosed space (宀) and sealing it with clay (土).
- 宀Pictographic componentroof
- 工Pictographic componentwork; craft
- 工Pictographic componentwork; craft
- 廾Pictographic componenttwo hands
- 土Pictographic componentearth; dirt
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 宀 + 土
HSK words with 塞2 words in this course
塌tāto collapse, to fall into ruinDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: earth
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 日 + 羽
HSK words with 塌1 word in this course
塔tǎtower, spire, tall buildingDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 荅 represents the sound. Simplified form of 墖.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 荅Phonetic componentanswer; agree
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 荅
HSK words with 塔1 word in this course
墊diàncushion, mat, pad; to advance money, to pay for anotherDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 執 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 執Phonetic componentexecute; grasp
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 執 + 土
HSK words with 墊1 word in this course
墓mùgrave, tombDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 莫 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 莫Phonetic componentnone; do not
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 莫 + 土
HSK words with 墓1 word in this course
墅shùvilla, country houseDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 野 represents the meaning and 土 represents the sound.
- 野Semantic componentfield; plain; wild
- 土Phonetic componentearth; dirt
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 野 + 土
HSK words with 墅1 word in this course
墮duòto drop, to fall, to sink; degenerateDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 隋 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 隋Phonetic componentSui dynasty
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 隋 + 土
HSK words with 墮1 word in this course
墳féngrave, mound, bulge; bulgingDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 土 contributes the broad semantic category “earth”; 賁 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 賁
HSK words with 墳1 word in this course
墟xūhigh mound; hilly countryside; wastelandDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 土 contributes the broad semantic category “earth”; 虚 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 虚
HSK words with 墟1 word in this course
墜zhuìto drop, to fall down, to sink; heavy; weightDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 隊 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 隊Phonetic componentsquadron; team; group
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 隊 + 土
HSK words with 墜1 word in this course
壇tánaltar; arena; examination hallDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 土 contributes the broad semantic category “earth”; 亶 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 亶
HSK words with 壇1 word in this course
壟lǒnggrave, mound; furrow, ridgeDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 龍 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 龍Phonetic componentdragon
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 龍 + 土
HSK words with 壟1 word in this course
壤rǎngsoil, loam, earth; richDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 襄 represents the sound.
- 土Semantic componentearth; dirt
- 襄Phonetic componenthelp; assist
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 襄
HSK words with 壤1 word in this course
壩bàembankment; damDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 土 contributes the broad semantic category “earth”; 霸 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 土 earth
- Visual structure
- 土 + 霸
HSK words with 壩1 word in this course
Classification: Unicode 17.0 kRSUnicode. Structure: Make Me a Hanzi. Formation: Dong Chinese Lexicon where available, with a documented Make Me a Hanzi fallback. Method and licenses.