When the formation data identifies 山 as semantic, the relevant character record states that role.
← All 214 radical families
Semantic role Phonetic role Radical classification
山
Radical 46 of 214 · 3 strokes
Mountain
shān
Unicode uses 山 as a Kangxi radical category. Its reference meaning is mountain, hill, peak. The relationship to an individual character may be semantic, historical, or primarily classificatory.
24 course characters30 character–word links
Semantic–phonetic characters identify the component associated with historical pronunciation.
The primary dictionary radical is shown independently of any claim about modern meaning.
Character index
24 course characters
Expand a character to view its structure, formation analysis, and related HSK words.
Showing 24 characters.
岁suìyear; years old, age; harvestDetails+
simplified form
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 步 represents the meaning and 戉 represents the sound. The simplified character 岁 was adapted from the cursive form of the traditional character 歲.
- 山Simplified formmountain
- 夕Simplified formdusk; evening
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 夕
HSK words with 岁3 words in this course
山shānmountain, hill, peakDetails+
formation note
Formation: Pictograph of a mountain.
Formation source · Dong Chinese Lexicon- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 凵 + 丨
HSK words with 山2 words in this course
屿yǔislandDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 与 represents the sound. Simplified form of 嶼.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 与Phonetic componentand; together; take part
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 与
HSK words with 屿1 word in this course
岛dǎoislandDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Simplified form of 島. Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 鳥 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 鸟Phonetic componentbird
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 鸟 + 山
HSK words with 岛1 word in this course
岸ànbeach, coast, shoreDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: The 山 (mountain) and 厂 (cliff) components hint at the landscape-related meaning. 干 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 厂Semantic componentcliff; (simp.) factory
- 干Phonetic componentshield; concern; (simp.) dry; tree trunk; do
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 厂 + 干
HSK words with 岸1 word in this course
島dǎoislandDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 鳥 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 鳥Phonetic componentbird
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 烏 + 山
HSK words with 島1 word in this course
嶼yǔislandDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 與 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 與Phonetic componentand; together; take part
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 與
HSK words with 嶼1 word in this course
岂qǐwhat; howDetails+
formation note
Formation: Simplified form of 豈. Origin unclear. The simplified component 己 represents the sound.
- 山Role unclearmountain
- 己Phonetic componentself
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 己
HSK words with 岂1 word in this course
岔chàto diverge, to branch; junction, fork in the roadDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: A road being split 分 by a mountain 山
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 分 + 山
HSK words with 岔1 word in this course
岗gǎngpost; positionDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 冈 represents the sound. Simplified form of 崗.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 冈Phonetic componentridge; mound
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 冈
HSK words with 岗1 word in this course
岩yáncliff; rocks; mountainDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: The rocks 石 that make up a mountain 山
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 石
HSK words with 岩1 word in this course
岳yuèmountain peak; surnameDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: A mountain 山 range surrounded by hills 丘
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 丘 + 山
HSK words with 岳1 word in this course
峡xiágorge, ravine, strait; isthmusDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: The space between 夹 two mountains 山; 夹 also provides the pronunciation
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 夹
HSK words with 峡1 word in this course
峰fēngpeak, summit; a camel's humpDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 山 contributes the broad semantic category “mountain”; 夆 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 夆
HSK words with 峰1 word in this course
峻jùnhigh, steep, towering; sternDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 夋 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 夋Phonetic componentdawdle; flat-footed
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 夋
HSK words with 峻1 word in this course
峭qiàosteep, precipitous, ruggedDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 肖 represents the sound. Simplified form of 陗.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 肖Phonetic componentresemble; similar
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 肖
HSK words with 峭2 words in this course
峽xiágorge, ravine, strait; isthmusDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: The space between 夾 two mountains 山; 夾 also provides the pronunciation
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 夾
HSK words with 峽1 word in this course
崩bēngto rupture, to split apart; to collapse; death, demiseDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 朋 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 朋Phonetic componentfriend
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 朋
HSK words with 崩1 word in this course
崇chónghigh, dignified; to esteem, to honorDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 宗 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 宗Phonetic componentschool; sect; clan; ancestral; temple
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 宗
HSK words with 崇3 words in this course
崗gǎngpost; positionDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 岡 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 岡Phonetic componentridge; mound
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 岡
HSK words with 崗1 word in this course
崖yácliff, precipice; precipitousDetails+
compound formation
Compound formation: A mountain 山 precipice 厓; 厓 also provides the pronunciation
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 厓
HSK words with 崖1 word in this course
崭zhǎnnew, bold; steep, highDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 斩 represents the sound. Simplified form of 嶄.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 斩Phonetic componentto chop, to cut, to sever; to behead
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 斩
HSK words with 崭1 word in this course
嵌qiànvalley, ravine; to fall into; to inlay, to set inDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Semantic–phonetic formation: 山 contributes the broad semantic category “mountain”; 欠 contributes the historical pronunciation.
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 甘 + 欠
HSK words with 嵌1 word in this course
嶄zhǎnnew, bold; steep, highDetails+
semantic–phonetic
Formation: Phonosemantic compound. 山 represents the meaning and 斬 represents the sound.
- 山Semantic componentmountain
- 斬Phonetic componentto chop, to cut, to sever; to behead
- Category radical
- 山 mountain
- Visual structure
- 山 + 斬
HSK words with 嶄1 word in this course
Classification: Unicode 17.0 kRSUnicode. Structure: Make Me a Hanzi. Formation: Dong Chinese Lexicon where available, with a documented Make Me a Hanzi fallback. Method and licenses.